Pre-Legislative Scrutiny through the Constitutional Court: Urgency, Opportunities and Challenges from a Constitutional Perspective
Pra Legislative Scrutiny melalui Mahkamah Konstitusi: Urgensi, Peluang dan Tantangan dalam Perspektif Konstitusional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/j.kk.v5i2.53705Keywords:
Advisory Opinion, Loi Organique, Judicial Preview, Pendapat Hukum, Undang-Undang Organik, Tinjauan YudisialAbstract
The frequent annulment of laws by the Constitutional Court after their enactment often creates legal uncertainty and significant socio-economic losses. This study examines the urgency, opportunities, and challenges of expanding the Constitutional Court's authority to conduct pre-legislative scrutiny as a preventive mechanism for constitutional oversight. Through a normative juridical approach using comparative methods, this research analyzes the ex ante review system in France, particularly the mechanisms of loi organique and the Conseil constitutionnel, while exploring implementation options in Indonesia. The findings indicate that expanding the Constitutional Court's powers through the review of organic category Bill drafts and advisory opinions has a strong constitutional basis, but requires strict procedural design to prevent excessive judicial intervention. This study recommends gradual implementation through limited constitutional amendments and revisions to the Constitutional Court Law, with clear safeguards to maintain the balance of separation of powers.
Gelombang tinggi pembatalan undang-undang oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi setelah undang-undang tersebut diberlakukan kerap menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan kerugian sosial ekonomi yang signifikan. Penelitian ini mengkaji urgensi, peluang, dan tantangan perluasan wewenang Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam melakukan pra legislative scrutiny sebagai mekanisme preventif pengawasan konstitusionalitas. Melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode komparatif, penelitian ini menganalisis sistem ex ante review di Perancis khususnya mekanisme loi organique dan Conseil constitutionnel, serta mengeksplorasi opsi yang dapat diimplementasikan di Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perluasan wewenang MK melalui mekanisme pengujian Rancangan Undang-Undang kategori organik dan advisory opinion memiliki landasan konstitusional yang kuat, namun memerlukan desain prosedural yang ketat untuk mencegah campur tangan yudisial yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan implementasi bertahap melalui amandemen konstitusi terbatas dan revisi UU Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan safeguard yang jelas untuk menjaga keseimbangan pemisahan kekuasaan.
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