Fragmented Constitutional Criminal Enforcement: Judicial Pragmatism and Constitutional Coherence in the Indonesian Constitutional Court
Fragmentasi Penegakan Hukum Pidana Konstitusional: Pragmatisme Yudisial dan Koherensi Konstitusional dalam Mahkamah Konstitusi Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/j.kk.v6i1.53740Keywords:
Constitutional Coherence, Judicial Pragmatism, Multi-Investigator System, Koherensi Konstitusional, Pragmatisme Peradilan, Sistem Multi-PenyelidikAbstract
The expansion of investigative authority to sectoral institutions within the Indonesian administrative state has created constitutional tensions within the national criminal justice system. Through Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (UU P2SK), the Financial Services Authority (OJK) is granted investigative authority that overlaps with the Indonesian National Police (POLRI) as the primary investigator under the Criminal Code (KUHP). This study analyzes Constitutional Court Decision Number 59/PUU-XXI/2023 and its implications for constitutional coherence in criminal law enforcement. Using normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches, this article applies Ronald Dworkin's concept of law as integrity, Richard Posner's judicial pragmatism, and Mirjan Damaska's integrated criminal justice system. The study finds that the Court implicitly legitimizes fragmented investigative authority without adequate coordination mechanisms. This article proposes a coordinated multi-agency system to maintain constitutional coherence and institutional accountability.
Perluasan kewenangan investigasi ke lembaga-lembaga sektoral dalam negara administrasi Indonesia telah menciptakan ketegangan konstitusional dalam sistem peradilan pidana nasional. Melalui UU P2SK Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) diberikan kewenangan investigasi yang tumpang tindih dengan Kepolisian Nasional Indonesia (POLRI), yang bertindak sebagai penyidik utama berdasarkan KUHP. Studi ini menganalisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 59/PUU-XXI/2023 dan implikasinya terhadap koherensi konstitusional dalam penegakan hukum pidana. Studi ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan statutori, konseptual, dan berbasis kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mahkamah secara implisit melegitimasi fragmentasi kewenangan investigasi tanpa mekanisme koordinasi yang memadai. Artikel ini mengusulkan model sistem multi-lembaga yang terkoordinasi untuk menjaga integrasi sistem peradilan pidana dan akuntabilitas kelembagaan.
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